Monday, 27 July 2026

Writing Task 1 Pactice



 
David,這篇有寫滿 150 字,七個項目也都有提到,資料大致正確。問題不是你看不懂圖,而是英文句型和搭配詞一直扣分。


預估分數:Band 5.0

評分項目預估原因
Task Achievement5.5有 Overview、有比較,也涵蓋全部資料,但主要特徵表達不夠精準
Coherence & Cohesion5.0有分段,但句子之間的連接較生硬,部分句子過長
Lexical Resource5.0有使用 proportion, expenditure, increase, decrease,但許多搭配不自然
Grammar4.5主詞動詞一致、單複數、時態及句型錯誤較多
Overall約 5.0嚴格評分可能落在 4.5–5.0

最需要修正的地方

1. Introduction 不自然

你的句子:

Two pie chats show the students' expenditures on average of the proportion at the university...

問題:

  • chatscharts

  • expenditures on average of the proportion 語序錯誤

  • 題目是大學生平均支出的「比例」

改成:

The two pie charts compare the average proportions of university students’ expenditure in 2000 and 2010.

expenditure 在這裡通常當不可數名詞使用。


2. Overview 太複雜,而且有拼字錯誤

你的句子:

the 3 parts of proportion were no any changed expect...

  • expect 是「期待」

  • except 才是「除了」

  • were no any changed 不成立

  • 不需要在 Overview 列出所有項目

比較好的 Overview:

Overall, food and drink accounted for the largest proportion in both years, while utilities represented the second-largest category. Clothing experienced the most significant decrease, whereas spending on utilities and eating out increased.

這個 Overview 已經包含三個核心特徵:

  1. 最大項目

  2. 最大下降

  3. 主要上升項目


3. 幾個常見錯誤要直接換掉

你的寫法正確自然寫法
there were no any changethere was no change / the figure remained unchanged
Compare with two chartsComparing the two charts / A comparison of the charts shows that
the second approximately partsthe second-largest category
it’s increaseit increased
through the decadeover the decade
a little growing upincreased slightly
short growing 1%rose slightly by one percentage point
the most different decreased partthe category with the largest decrease
fall down tofell to
Eating out expenditures segment wereSpending on eating out was

注意:

from 8% to 9% = increased by one percentage point

不是一般所說的 increased by 1%。在 IELTS 圖表題中,寫 one percentage point 更精準。


Band 6.0–6.5 改寫版

The two pie charts compare the average proportions of expenditure by university students in 2000 and 2010.

Overall, food and drink at home accounted for the largest proportion of student spending in both years, while utilities were the second-largest category. Clothing showed the most substantial decrease, whereas the proportions spent on utilities and eating out increased.

In both 2000 and 2010, students spent 29% of their total expenditure on food and drink at home. Similarly, the figures for sports and cultural activities and holidays remained unchanged, at 17% and 5% respectively. Spending on utilities increased considerably from 21% in 2000 to 27% in 2010.

The proportion spent on eating out doubled from 4% to 8% over the ten-year period. Transport expenditure also rose slightly, from 8% to 9%. By contrast, clothing experienced the most significant fall, dropping sharply from 16% in 2000 to just 5% in 2010.

這篇約 165 字,結構很清楚:

  • 第一段:改寫題目

  • 第二段:Overview

  • 第三段:不變項目+utilities

  • 第四段:其他增加項目+最大下降

這題最值得背的 6 個句塊

  • accounted for the largest proportion

  • represented the second-largest category

  • remained unchanged at 17%

  • increased considerably from 21% to 27%

  • rose slightly by one percentage point

  • dropped sharply from 16% to just 5%

你現在真正需要做的,不是再背更多副詞,而是把這六個句型寫到完全不會錯。這篇的資料分析其實已有 Band 6 的思路,主要是文法和搭配詞把分數壓到約 Band 5。

Wednesday, 22 July 2026

IELTS Writing Task 2:Linking Ideas

 

IELTS Writing Task 2:Linking Ideas(連接觀點)

你的想法沒錯:連接詞當然不只20個。不過,IELTS不是使用越多越高分,而是要做到:

  • Coherence 連貫性:觀點的順序合理、容易理解。

  • Cohesion 銜接性:句子之間使用連接詞、代名詞和關鍵詞自然連接。

下面整理的是Task 2最實用的連接方式。

一、先分清楚文法結構

類型結構正確例句
句子連接副詞However, + 完整句However, the policy is expensive.
從屬連接詞Although + 主詞+動詞Although the policy is expensive, it is effective.
介系詞片語Despite + 名詞/V-ingDespite the high cost, the policy is effective.
對等連接詞完整句, but/so + 完整句The policy is expensive, but it is effective.
成對連接詞not only A but also BIt not only saves time but also reduces costs.

1. Adding Similar Ideas 增加或連接相似觀點

連接詞中文雙語例句
furthermore此外;而且The policy is affordable. Furthermore, it is easy to implement.(這項政策負擔得起,而且很容易實施。)
in addition此外In addition, free school meals can improve attendance.(此外,免費營養午餐能提高出席率。)
moreover而且;此外Public transport is cheaper. Moreover, it is better for the environment.(大眾運輸較便宜,而且對環境更好。)
alsoOnline courses also allow students to learn at their own pace.(線上課程也讓學生按照自己的速度學習。)
similarly同樣地Young people need affordable housing. Similarly, older people need suitable accommodation.(年輕人需要可負擔的住房,同樣地,老年人也需要合適的住所。)
likewise同樣地Exercise improves physical health. Likewise, it can reduce stress.(運動改善身體健康,同時也能減輕壓力。)
in addition to除了……之外還……In addition to reducing pollution, cycling improves public health.(除了減少污染,騎自行車也能改善公共健康。)
not only…but also…不但……而且……Public transport not only reduces congestion but also lowers emissions.(大眾運輸不但減少壅塞,也降低排放量。)

注意平行結構:

It not only saves time but also reduces costs. ✅
It not only saves time but also costs are reduced. ❌


2. Contrast and Concession 對比與讓步

連接詞中文雙語例句
but但是Cars are convenient, but they produce pollution.(汽車很方便,但是會造成污染。)
however然而Cars are convenient. However, they increase congestion.(汽車很方便,然而會增加交通壅塞。)
on the other hand另一方面Living in cities offers more jobs. On the other hand, living costs are higher.(住在城市有較多工作機會,另一方面,生活費較高。)
although雖然Although university education is expensive, it can improve career prospects.(雖然大學教育昂貴,但可以改善職涯前景。)
even though即使;儘管Even though the salary was low, she accepted the job.(儘管薪水不高,她仍接受了工作。)
despite儘管Despite the high cost, many students attend university.(儘管費用很高,許多學生仍選擇上大學。)
in spite of儘管In spite of living far away, she attends every class.(儘管住得很遠,她仍然每堂課都出席。)
while然而;相較之下While some people prefer cities, others enjoy rural life.(有些人喜歡城市,而其他人喜歡鄉村生活。)
whereas然而;反之Urban jobs are plentiful, whereas rural jobs are limited.(城市工作較多,鄉村工作則較少。)
nevertheless儘管如此The plan is costly. Nevertheless, it may bring long-term benefits.(這項計畫成本很高,儘管如此,仍可能帶來長期利益。)
in contrast相較之下City rents increased. In contrast, rural rents remained stable.(城市租金上升;相較之下,鄉村租金維持穩定。)

三個重要公式:

Although + 完整句
Although the course was difficult, I completed it.

Despite/In spite of + 名詞或V-ing
Despite the difficulty, I completed the course.
Despite finding it difficult, I completed the course.

不能寫:

Despite the course was difficult… ❌

也不要同時使用:

Although it was difficult, but I completed it. ❌
Although it was difficult, I completed it. ✅


3. Clarifying Ideas 澄清、解釋或強調

連接詞中文雙語例句
that is也就是說Workers want greater flexibility; that is, they want more control over when and where they work.(員工想要更多彈性,也就是想控制工作的時間和地點。)
that is to say換句話說The programme is compulsory. That is to say, every student must attend it.(這項課程是強制的,換句話說,每位學生都必須參加。)
in other words換句話說The city lacks affordable housing. In other words, many people cannot afford to live there.(這座城市缺少可負擔住房,換句話說,許多人住不起。)
in fact事實上Many people believe buses are slow. In fact, they are often faster during rush hour.(許多人認為公車很慢;事實上,尖峰時段通常更快。)
indeed的確;確實Technology can improve education. Indeed, it gives students access to more resources.(科技能改善教育,的確,它讓學生取得更多資源。)
more specifically更具體而言Governments should improve public transport. More specifically, they should increase the number of buses.(政府應改善大眾運輸,更具體而言,應增加公車數量。)
namely即;也就是The policy has one main aim, namely reducing youth unemployment.(這項政策有一個主要目標,即降低青年失業率。)

4. Giving Examples 舉例

連接詞中文雙語例句
for example例如Some countries use renewable energy. For example, Denmark produces a large amount of wind power.(有些國家使用再生能源,例如丹麥生產大量風力發電。)
for instance例如Technology can support disabled people. For instance, speech-recognition software helps people type.(科技能協助身心障礙者,例如語音辨識軟體可以幫助人們打字。)
such as例如;諸如Renewable sources such as solar and wind power should receive more investment.(太陽能與風力等再生能源應得到更多投資。)
to illustrate為了說明To illustrate, one city reduced traffic by introducing cheaper bus fares.(舉例來說,某座城市透過降低公車票價減少交通流量。)
a good example of this is…一個很好的例子是……A good example of this is Japan, where public transport is widely used.(一個很好的例子是日本,當地大眾運輸使用率很高。)

重要差異:

  • For example/For instance + 完整句

  • Such as + 名詞或名詞片語

Some activities, such as swimming and cycling, improve heart health. ✅
For example, swimming can improve heart health.


5. Reasons and Causes 原因

連接詞中文雙語例句
because因為Many people drive because public transport is unreliable.(許多人開車,因為大眾運輸不可靠。)
because of因為;由於Many people drive because of the unreliable public transport system.(許多人因大眾運輸系統不可靠而開車。)
since由於;既然Since housing prices are rising, many young adults live with their parents.(由於房價上升,許多年輕人與父母同住。)
due to由於Many flights were cancelled due to bad weather.(許多航班因天候不佳而取消。)
as因為;由於As the population is ageing, healthcare spending will increase.(由於人口老化,醫療支出將會增加。)

核心差異:

because + 主詞+動詞
because public transport is unreliable

because of/due to + 名詞或V-ing
because of poor public transport
because of living far away


6. Results and Consequences 結果與影響

連接詞中文雙語例句
therefore因此Public transport is limited. Therefore, many people depend on cars.(大眾運輸有限,因此許多人依賴汽車。)
consequently因此;結果The company reduced staff training. Consequently, productivity fell.(公司減少員工訓練,結果生產力下降。)
as a result因此;結果Many roads were closed. As a result, commuters faced serious delays.(許多道路封閉,因此通勤者遇到嚴重延誤。)
as a result of由於……的結果As a result of heavy traffic, air quality has declined.(由於交通繁忙,空氣品質下降。)
so所以Fuel prices increased, so more people used buses.(油價上升,所以更多人搭乘公車。)
thus因此The law was effective. Thus, it was extended nationwide.(這項法律有效,因此被推廣到全國。)
hence因此;所以The available evidence is limited; hence, further research is needed.(現有證據有限,因此需要進一步研究。)
for this reason基於這個原因Exercise improves mental health. For this reason, schools should provide more sports activities.(運動能改善心理健康,因此學校應提供更多體育活動。)
this leads to…這導致……A lack of sleep reduces concentration. This leads to poorer academic performance.(睡眠不足會降低專注力,進而導致較差的學業表現。)
which leads to…這進而導致……Long working hours cause stress, which leads to lower productivity.(長時間工作造成壓力,進而降低生產力。)

不要用逗號直接連接兩個完整句:

Public transport is limited, therefore people drive. ❌
Public transport is limited. Therefore, people drive. ✅
Public transport is limited, so people drive. ✅


7. Ordering and Concluding Ideas 組織與總結

連接詞中文雙語例句
firstly/first of all首先Firstly, governments should improve public transport.(首先,政府應改善大眾運輸。)
secondly第二Secondly, they should develop safer cycle lanes.(第二,政府應建設更安全的自行車道。)
finally最後一點Finally, public awareness should be increased.(最後,應提升公眾意識。)
meanwhile與此同時The government should build new homes. Meanwhile, it should control unreasonable rent increases.(政府應建造新住宅,同時也應控制不合理的租金上漲。)
overall整體而言Overall, the advantages of the policy outweigh its disadvantages.(整體而言,這項政策利大於弊。)
in conclusion總而言之In conclusion, governments and individuals must work together.(總而言之,政府與個人必須共同努力。)
to sum up總結來說To sum up, technology brings both opportunities and challenges.(總結來說,科技同時帶來機會與挑戰。)
ultimately最終;歸根究柢Ultimately, the success of the policy depends on public support.(最終,這項政策能否成功取決於大眾支持。)

Band 6–6.5最應優先掌握的20個

先熟練這20個就足夠應付大部分Task 2:

功能建議連接詞
增加觀點furthermore, in addition, also, moreover
相似觀點similarly
對比與讓步but, however, although, despite, while, whereas, on the other hand
解釋與舉例in other words, in fact, for example, such as
原因與結果because, because of, therefore, as a result
結論in conclusion

最重要的使用原則

  1. 不要每一句都放連接詞,否則文章會顯得機械化。

  2. 一個主體段落自然使用大約2–4個即可,沒有硬性數量規定。

  3. 不要為了炫耀而使用不熟悉的詞。

  4. On the other hand 必須表達另一個角度,不只是普通的「但是」。

  5. Furthermore、moreover、in addition 意思非常接近,同一段不需要全部使用。

  6. IELTS看重的是「邏輯清楚+文法正確」,不是連接詞的數量。

你原來的英文要求可以自然地改成:

I would like you to make this list more complete, provide Chinese meanings and example sentences, and organise everything in tables. I think there are more than the 20 expressions listed in the book.

Monday, 20 July 2026

Speaking Part 2 practice

 

IELTS Speaking Part 2

Describe a famous person you admire.

(Example: Ang Lee 李安)

You should say:

  • Who he is
  • How you learned about him
  • Why he is famous
  • And explain why you admire him.

⭐ Band 6.5–7.0 Model Answer

Today I'd like to talk about Ang Lee, one of the most famous film directors from Taiwan.

I first learned about him when I was in college. At that time, many of my teachers mentioned his movies because I studied design and was interested in creativity and storytelling. Later, I watched several of his films, such as Life of Pi, Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon, and Brokeback Mountain.

He is famous because he has won many international awards, including the Academy Award for Best Director. What impresses me most is that he has directed many different types of films. Instead of staying in one genre, he keeps challenging himself by making martial arts movies, dramas, and even science fiction films.

I really admire him because he is humble and always keeps learning. Even after becoming internationally successful, he still works very hard and continues to explore new filmmaking techniques. His career shows me that creativity is not only about having talent, but also about persistence and continuous improvement.

As someone who studies design thinking and hopes to become an international trainer in the future, I find his story very inspiring. He reminds me that Taiwanese people can also make a global impact if they keep learning and never give up.

I hope one day I can meet him and thank him for inspiring so many creative people around the world.


Vocabulary (Band 7)

WordMeaning
internationally renownedinternationally famous
creativity創造力
storytelling說故事能力
inspire啟發
persistence堅持
humble謙虛
challenge himself挑戰自己
make a global impact產生世界影響力
continuous improvement持續進步
explore new techniques探索新技術

Useful Sentences

Instead of saying...

❌ He is very famous.

Say...

✅ He is internationally renowned.


❌ I like him.

Say...

✅ I really admire him because he never stops learning.


❌ He made many movies.

Say...

✅ He has directed many award-winning films across different genres.


Possible Follow-up Questions (Part 3)

Why do people admire celebrities?

I think people admire celebrities because they often represent success, talent, or hard work. Their stories can motivate others to pursue their own dreams.


Do famous people have more responsibility than ordinary people?

Yes, I believe so. Because they influence millions of people, especially young people. They should be careful about what they say and how they behave.


Can movies change society?

Absolutely. Movies can raise awareness about social issues, introduce different cultures, and even change people's attitudes. A powerful film can influence the way people think.


⭐ Tips for your IELTS

Since you're aiming for Band 6.5, don't try to memorize every word. Instead, remember this simple structure:

Who → How you knew him → Why famous → Three reasons you admire him → Personal connection

This structure works not only for Ang Lee, but also for many Part 2 topics about famous people. With a few adjustments, you could use it to talk about Steve Jobs, Elon Musk, J.K. Rowling, or other well-known figures as well.

could u make a little simple than this script about Band 6-6.5 in the same topic?

Absolutely. For Band 6–6.5, the examiner is looking for clear communication, not fancy vocabulary. Here is a simpler version with mostly common words and a few Band 6+ expressions.


IELTS Speaking Part 2 (Band 6–6.5)

Describe a famous person you admire.

Ang Lee

Today, I'd like to talk about Ang Lee, a famous movie director from Taiwan.

I first heard about him when I was a university student. My teachers often talked about his movies, so I became interested in his work. Later, I watched some of his famous films, such as Life of Pi and Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon.

He is famous because he has made many successful movies and won many international awards. His movies are popular all over the world.

I admire him because he works very hard and never gives up. Before he became successful, he had many difficulties, but he kept trying. I think he is also very humble, even though he is famous.

As a Taiwanese person, I feel proud of him because he showed that people from Taiwan can achieve great success around the world.

I hope I can learn from his attitude. He teaches me that if we keep learning and working hard, we can make our dreams come true.


Easy Vocabulary (Band 6)

Easy WordBetter Word
famouswell-known
moviesfilms
works hardis hardworking
never gives upkeeps trying
successfulinternationally successful
proudfeel proud of
dreamgoal

Easy Structure

This answer follows a very simple pattern:

  1. Who is he?

Ang Lee is a famous movie director from Taiwan.

  1. How did you know him?

I first heard about him at university.

  1. Why is he famous?

He made many successful movies and won many awards.

  1. Why do you admire him?
  • He works hard.
  • He never gives up.
  • He is humble.
  1. Personal feeling

He makes me proud to be Taiwanese.


Estimated Band Score

  • Fluency & Coherence: 6.5
  • Vocabulary: 6.0–6.5
  • Grammar: 6.0
  • Pronunciation: 6.0–7.0 (depending on delivery)

This version is much easier to memorize and sounds natural. It uses everyday English while still showing enough range to reach around Band 6–6.5.

Wednesday, 15 July 2026

Writing Task 1: Line Chart Adverb.

 IELTS Line Chart 要拿 6–6.5,真正需要會用的大約只有 8個核心副詞;另外4個看得懂即可。

一張圖先搞懂:副詞其實只有兩種功能

① 變化「有多大」?— Amount

小幅               中等            大幅                極大幅
▁▂                ▁▃             ▁▆                   ▁█
slightly      moderately   significantly           dramatically
marginally                                         considerably
                                                   substantially
程度Adverb中文
很小    slightly      輕微地、小幅地
很小   marginally      極小幅地
中等  moderately      適度地、中等幅度地
很大  significantly      顯著地
很大  considerably      相當大幅度地
很大  substantially      大幅地
非常大  dramatically      劇烈地、大幅地

例句

Sales increased slightly from 50 to 55.
銷售額從50小幅上升至55。

Sales increased significantly from 50 to 85.
銷售額從50顯著上升至85。

Sales rose dramatically from 50 to 120.
銷售額從50劇烈上升至120。


② 線「怎麼移動」?— Speed and pattern

緩慢              穩定              快速/陡峭               不規則
▁▁▂▂▃             ▁▂▃▄▅             ▁▁▂▇█                 ▂▇▃▆▁▅
gradually        steadily        rapidly / sharply     erratically
Adverb真正意思圖形感覺
gradually緩慢、逐漸地    慢慢上升或下降
steadily穩定、持續地   平順地朝同一方向
rapidly快速地   短時間內快速改變
sharply急劇、陡峭地      線條突然變陡
erratically不規則地   忽高忽低、沒有規律

最容易搞混的三組

1. significantly ≠ rapidly

significantly

表示變化幅度很大,不一定很快。

2010                          2020
▁────▂────▃────▄────▆

The figure increased significantly over the ten-year period.

十年間增加很多,但可能是慢慢增加。

rapidly

表示變化速度很快,重點是時間短。

2010    2011
▁──────█

The figure increased rapidly in 2011.


2. gradually ≠ slightly

gradually

表示變化慢慢發生,最後可能增加很多。

▁──▂──▃──▄──▅──▆──█

The population increased gradually from 1 million to 5 million.

雖然最後增加很多,但過程很慢。

slightly

表示最後的變化量很小

▁────────▂

The population increased slightly from 1 million to 1.1 million.


3. steadily ≠ slowly

steadily 是穩定,不一定慢。

穩定上升:
▁▂▃▄▅▆▇

不穩定上升:
▁▅▂▆▄▇█

Sales rose steadily throughout the period.

代表銷售額持續、平穩上升,中間沒有明顯下跌。


單一 Line Chart 的全部常見變化

1. 小幅上升

▁──────▂

The figure rose slightly from 50 to 55.

2. 逐漸上升

▁──▂──▃──▄──▅

The figure increased gradually over the period.

3. 穩定上升

▁▂▃▄▅▆▇

The figure grew steadily between 2010 and 2015.

4. 急劇上升

▁────▂──█

The figure rose sharply to 100.

5. 大幅上升

▁────────█

The figure increased significantly from 20 to 90.

6. 小幅下降

▇──────▆

The figure fell slightly from 80 to 75.

7. 逐漸下降

▇──▆──▅──▄──▃

The figure declined gradually over the period.

8. 急劇下降

█──▇────▁

The figure fell sharply to 20.

9. 保持穩定

────────────

The figure remained stable at around 50.

或:

The figure remained unchanged at 50.

10. 波動

▂──▆──▃──▇──▄

The figure fluctuated between 40 and 70.

如果波動非常不規則:

The figure fluctuated erratically throughout the period.

11. 上升後持平

▁──▃──▆────────

The figure increased to 80 and then levelled off.

12. 到達高峰

▁──▃──▆──█──▆

The figure peaked at 100 in 2018.

注意:不能寫 peaked to 100

正確是:

peaked at 100

13. 降到最低點

█──▆──▃──▁──▃

The figure reached a low of 20 in 2018.

也可以寫:

The figure bottomed out at 20.


形容詞和副詞的轉換

這是 Task 1 最重要的兩種句型。

動詞+副詞

Sales increased significantly.

VerbAdverb
increasedslightly
rosesteadily
grewgradually
fellsharply
declineddramatically

形容詞+名詞

There was a significant increase in sales.

AdjectiveNoun
a slightincrease
a steadyrise
a gradualgrowth
a sharpfall
a dramaticdecline

對照記憶

Verb+adverbAdjective+noun
rose slightlya slight rise
increased graduallya gradual increase
grew steadilysteady growth
fell sharplya sharp fall
declined dramaticallya dramatic decline
increased significantlya significant increase

你只需要背這8個

描述幅度

  1. slightly:小幅
  2. significantly:顯著、大幅
  3. dramatically:劇烈、非常大幅

描述方式

  1. gradually:逐漸
  2. steadily:穩定持續
  3. rapidly:快速
  4. sharply:急劇、陡峭
  5. erratically:不規則

其他四個只要看懂:

marginally、moderately、considerably、substantially

考試最安全的選擇法

看到線後問三個問題:

1. 上升、下降還是波動?
             ↓
2. 變化量小還是大?
   slightly / significantly / dramatically
             ↓
3. 過程慢、穩定還是突然?
   gradually / steadily / sharply

例如,線在五年內平順地從20上升到80:

The figure increased steadily from 20 to 80.

線在一年內從20突然升到80:

The figure rose sharply from 20 to 80.

線只從20升到22:

The figure increased slightly from 20 to 22.

Band 6–6.5 完全不需要每一句換一個新副詞。 一篇使用兩到四個準確的副詞,就已經比塞滿十幾個卻用錯更安全。

少了quickly consistently considerably substantially

對,你抓得很準,這四個確實要補進來。尤其 considerablysubstantially 在 IELTS Task 1 很常見。

修正版:Line Chart 常用副詞共 12 個

A. 描述「變化幅度」有多大

程度副詞中文例句
很小slightly小幅地Sales rose slightly.
極小marginally極小幅地The figure increased marginally.
中等moderately中等幅度地Prices grew moderately.
大幅significantly顯著地Sales increased significantly.
大幅considerably相當大幅地The number fell considerably.
大幅substantially大幅、實質地Profits rose substantially.
極大幅dramatically劇烈地The rate declined dramatically.

幅度圖示

marginally / slightly
20 ───── 23
小幅變化

moderately
20 ───── 40
中度變化

significantly / considerably / substantially
20 ───── 80
大幅變化

dramatically
20 ───── 120
極大或劇烈變化

B. 描述「變化速度或方式」

副詞中文重點
gradually逐漸地變化慢慢發生
steadily穩定持續地線平順、方向一致
consistently一貫、持續一致地每個時期都呈現相同方向或表現
quickly快速地日常、直接的「快」
rapidly迅速地比 quickly 正式,Task 1較常用
sharply急劇地短時間內形成陡峭變化
erratically不規則地忽高忽低、沒有穩定規律

等等,這樣總數不是12,而是:

  • 幅度副詞:7個
  • 速度/方式副詞:7個

合計 14個常用副詞


四個新增字的差異

1. quickly 與 rapidly

兩個都是「快速地」。

10 ── 15 ───────── 80
        短時間快速上升

The figure increased quickly.

文法正確,但比較口語。

The figure increased rapidly.

較正式,更適合 IELTS Task 1。

因此考試優先使用:

rapidly

不過,quickly 並沒有錯。


2. consistently 與 steadily

這兩個很接近,但焦點不同。

steadily:線條穩定、平順地移動

20 ─ 30 ─ 40 ─ 50 ─ 60

Sales increased steadily between 2010 and 2015.

強調沒有明顯波動,線持續平順上升。

consistently:每個時期都維持一致表現

2010  2011  2012  2013
 70    72    71    73
始終維持較高水準

Company A performed consistently better than Company B.

A公司在各時期都持續優於B公司。

因此,在單一線條持續上升時,通常:

rose steadily 更自然。

consistently 常用於:

remained consistently high
consistently exceeded
performed consistently well

例如:

The unemployment rate remained consistently low throughout the period.


3. considerably

意思是:

相當大幅地、明顯地

30 ───────── 85

The number of visitors increased considerably from 30,000 to 85,000.

它和 significantly 很接近。

  • significantly:顯著地
  • considerably:相當大幅地

在 Task 1 中通常可以互換:

increased significantly
increased considerably


4. substantially

意思是:

大幅地、實質地

20 ───────── 90

Household spending rose substantially during the period.

它也和 significantlyconsiderably 接近,但語氣比較正式。

副詞大致中文IELTS感覺
significantly顯著地最常用、最安全
considerably相當大幅地自然、正式
substantially大幅且實質地正式
dramatically劇烈地程度最強,不要濫用

完整14個副詞整理

幅度大小

小
marginally
slightly

中
moderately

大
significantly
considerably
substantially

非常大
dramatically

速度與方式

慢慢地
gradually

穩定地
steadily

持續一致地
consistently

快速地
quickly
rapidly

急劇地
sharply

不規則地
erratically

最重要:副詞可以描述不同面向

某些副詞可以一起使用,因為一個描述「幅度」,另一個描述「速度」。

例如:

Sales increased gradually but significantly from 20 to 80.

意思是:

  • gradually:上升過程很慢
  • significantly:最後總增幅很大

又例如:

The figure fell rapidly and substantially in 2020.

  • rapidly:下降得快
  • substantially:下降幅度大

但考試時不要為了炫技一口氣塞兩三個副詞。最安全的寫法通常是:

The figure rose steadily from 20 to 70.

或:

The figure increased considerably, reaching 70 in 2020.

你的 Band 6–6.5 核心只要熟練這10個就夠:

slightly, significantly, considerably, substantially, dramatically, gradually, steadily, consistently, rapidly, sharply


對,你這次抓到真正的分類核心了:

increase / rise / grow 是上升方向;
decrease / fall / decline 是下降方向;
slightly、significantly、gradually、steadily 本身沒有方向,它們只是描述「變化的程度、速度或方式」。

所以同一個字可以同時搭配上升和下降:

increased slightly / decreased slightly
rose significantly / fell significantly

而且要先區分:

  • 形容詞 adjective + 名詞:a significant increase / a significant decrease

  • 動詞 + 副詞 adverb:increased significantly / decreased significantly


一、沒有方向性的核心分類

這些字大致可以分成四類:

① 幅度:變化有多大?
② 速度:變化有多快?
③ 過程:變化是否平穩、持續?
④ 數值:數字是否精確、接近?

並不是每一類都同樣適合 bar chart 和 line chart。

類型Line chartBar chart
幅度大小
變化速度⚠️ 只有跨年份時適合
過程形態⚠️ 需要有時間順序
數字近似
類別間差距✅ 特別重要

二、第一類:描述變化幅度

這一類最重要,上升與下降都可以用,也適合 line chart 和有時間比較的 bar chart。

由小到大

程度AdjectiveAdverb中文
極小marginalmarginally極小幅的/地
slightslightly輕微的/地
小至中等modestmodestly不大的/地
中等moderatemoderately中等程度的/地
明顯noticeablenoticeably可察覺的/地
明顯、大幅significantsignificantly顯著的/地
大幅considerableconsiderably相當大的/地
大幅substantialsubstantially實質且大幅的/地
很大markedmarkedly明顯而強烈的/地
極大dramaticdramatically劇烈的/地

同時搭配上升和下降

無方向性副詞上升下降
slightlyincreased slightlydecreased slightly
marginallyrose marginallyfell marginally
modestlygrew modestlydeclined modestly
moderatelyincreased moderatelydecreased moderately
significantlyrose significantlyfell significantly
considerablyincreased considerablydecreased considerably
substantiallygrew substantiallydeclined substantially
dramaticallyrose dramaticallyfell dramatically

例句:動詞+副詞

Sales increased slightly from 50 to 55 units.
銷售量從50小幅增加至55。

Sales decreased slightly from 50 to 45 units.
銷售量從50小幅下降至45。

The figure rose considerably between 2010 and 2015.
該數字在2010年至2015年間大幅上升。

The figure fell considerably over the same period.
該數字在同一期間大幅下降。


例句:形容詞+名詞

上升下降
a slight increasea slight decrease
a marginal risea marginal fall
modest growtha modest decline
a significant increasea significant decrease
a considerable risea considerable fall
substantial growtha substantial decline
a dramatic increasea dramatic drop

例如:

There was a substantial increase in sales.

There was a substantial decrease in sales.


三、程度字的真正差異

1. Slightly、marginally、modestly

三個都是「不多」,但程度和語感稍有不同。

marginally → 極小,可能只有一點點
slightly   → 小幅,最常用、最安全
modestly   → 有一些,但不算大

例如:

The percentage increased marginally from 40% to 41%.

The percentage increased slightly from 40% to 44%.

The percentage increased modestly from 40% to 48%.

實際上沒有官方規定多少百分比必須配哪個字,重點是根據圖表比例作合理判斷。


2. Significantly、considerably、substantially

這三個都表示「大幅」,在很多 Task 1 句子中可以互換。

中文感覺使用建議
significantly顯著地最安全、最常用
considerably相當大幅地正式、自然
substantially實質且大幅地正式,適合數字明顯改變

The figure increased significantly.

The figure increased considerably.

The figure increased substantially.

三句都可以。

但不要把它們寫成:

❌ increased significantly considerably

一個動詞通常選一個程度副詞就夠。


3. Dramatically

dramatically 表示非常強烈或很大的改變。

Prices rose dramatically from $20 to $90.

Prices fell dramatically from $90 to $20.

它不等於「快速」,而是主要強調變化非常明顯。通常圖表真的有巨大落差時才使用,不要每一次大約10%的改變都寫 dramatically。


四、第二類:描述變化速度

這一類也沒有方向,但主要適合 有時間軸的 line chart,或顯示多個年份的 bar chart。

AdjectiveAdverb中文
gradualgradually逐漸的/地
slowslowly緩慢的/地
rapidrapidly快速的/地
quickquickly快速的/地
suddensuddenly突然的/地
abruptabruptly突然且意外的/地

上升與下降都能使用

The figure increased gradually.
The figure decreased gradually.

Sales rose rapidly.
Sales fell rapidly.

The rate increased suddenly.
The rate decreased suddenly.

The number rose abruptly.
The number fell abruptly.


速度圖示

gradually
20 → 25 → 30 → 35 → 40
逐步發生

rapidly
20 → 20 → 22 → 70
短時間內快速改變

suddenly / abruptly
20 → 20 → 20 → 80
突然改變

Quickly 和 rapidly

兩者都正確:

increased quickly
increased rapidly

但是在 Academic Writing Task 1 中:

rapidly 通常比 quickly 更正式。

因此建議優先使用:

  • rose rapidly

  • fell rapidly

  • increased rapidly

  • declined rapidly

quickly 留著看得懂即可,不必刻意每篇使用。


五、第三類:描述過程和規律

這些字不是描述「變大還是變小」,而是描述線條變化是否穩定、一致或持續。

AdjectiveAdverb中文
steadysteadily穩定持續的/地
consistentconsistently前後一致的/地
continuouscontinuously連續不斷的/地
regularregularly規律的/地
constantconstantly持續不斷的/地
erraticerratically不規則的/地

1. Steadily

steadily 表示方向持續一致,而且沒有大的波動。

Sales increased steadily throughout the period.

Sales decreased steadily throughout the period.

穩定上升:20 → 30 → 40 → 50 → 60
穩定下降:60 → 50 → 40 → 30 → 20

所以 steadily 沒有方向,由動詞決定方向。


2. Consistently

consistently 強調各個時間點都維持相同的表現、方向或關係。

The figure increased consistently over the period.

The figure decreased consistently over the period.

但它更常用於這些搭配:

remained consistently high

remained consistently low

Company A was consistently higher than Company B.

Women consistently outnumbered men.

在描述一條平順的上升線時,steadily 通常比 consistently 更自然。


3. Continuously

表示過程沒有中斷。

The population increased continuously from 2000 to 2020.

The unemployment rate decreased continuously over the period.

continuously 不一定表示平順。它只表示沒有停止。

steadily:
20 → 30 → 40 → 50
平順而穩定

continuously:
20 → 23 → 40 → 42 → 70
一直上升,但速度可能不一致

4. Constantly

constantly 在文法上可用:

Prices increased constantly.

但 IELTS 圖表中通常不如以下搭配自然:

increased steadily
increased continuously
remained constant

注意:

remained constant = 維持不變

不等於:

increased constantly = 持續增加


5. Erratically

erratically 表示沒有規律、忽高忽低。

與其寫:

rose erratically

更自然的是:

The figure changed erratically.

The figure fluctuated erratically.

Prices showed erratic fluctuations.

它不像 slightly 那樣可以自然地直接放在所有 increase/decrease 後面。


六、Sharp、steep 到底是哪一類?

這兩個字上升下降都可以用,但主要描述線的坡度很陡,通常也暗示變化快速而明顯。

AdjectiveAdverb中文
sharpsharply急劇的/地
steepsteeply陡峭的/地

上升下降都適用

The figure rose sharply.

The figure fell sharply.

Prices increased steeply.

Prices declined steeply.

名詞寫法:

a sharp rise
a sharp fall
a steep increase
a steep decline

使用差異

  • sharply:最常見、最安全

  • steeply:強調線條坡度,較適合 line chart

  • 靜態 bar chart 沒有時間過程時,通常不要使用 steeply


七、Bar chart 特別需要的無方向用法

很多 bar chart 只是比較不同類別,沒有時間變化。這時候不要硬寫 increasedecrease,而要描述「差距」。

1. 高低差距

程度比較句型
小差距slightly higher/lower
極小差距marginally higher/lower
中等差距moderately higher/lower
明顯差距significantly higher/lower
大差距considerably higher/lower
大差距substantially higher/lower
極大差距dramatically higher/lower

例如:

The figure for France was slightly higher than that for Germany.

Car ownership was considerably lower in Country A than in Country B.

Spending on food was substantially higher than spending on clothing.

這些副詞本身仍沒有方向;higherlower 才決定比較方向。


2. 描述相似或差異

Collocation中文
broadly similar大致相似
relatively similar相對相似
almost identical幾乎相同
exactly the same完全相同
relatively close相當接近
noticeably different明顯不同
significantly different顯著不同
markedly different差異非常明顯
a slight difference小幅差異
a considerable gap相當大的差距
a substantial disparity很大的差距

例如:

The figures for the two countries were broadly similar.

There was a considerable gap between the youngest and oldest groups.

The two categories were markedly different.


八、描述數字接近程度

這一類也完全沒有上升或下降方向,bar chart 和 line chart 都可以使用。

用法中文例子
approximately大約approximately 50
roughly約略roughly 50
about大約about 50
nearly接近但未達nearly 50
almost幾乎almost 50
just over略高於just over 50
just under略低於just under 50
exactly正好exactly 50
precisely精確地precisely 50
around約在around 50

重要差異

nearly 50 = 接近50,但不到50
just over 50 = 略高於50
just under 50 = 略低於50
approximately 50 = 大約50,可能略高也可能略低


九、完整的形容詞與副詞配對表

AdjectiveAdverb主要功能
marginalmarginally極小幅度
slightslightly小幅度
modestmodestly不大的幅度
moderatemoderately中等幅度
noticeablenoticeably可察覺的幅度
significantsignificantly顯著幅度
considerableconsiderably大幅度
substantialsubstantially大幅、實質幅度
markedmarkedly很明顯的幅度或差距
dramaticdramatically非常大的幅度
gradualgradually逐步、緩慢
slowslowly速度慢
rapidrapidly速度快
quickquickly速度快,較普通
suddensuddenly突然
abruptabruptly突然且意外
steadysteadily穩定持續
consistentconsistently前後一致
continuouscontinuously沒有中斷
regularregularly有規律
sharpsharply急劇、坡度陡
steepsteeply坡度非常陡
erraticerratically不規則

十、不是每個字都能自由互換

幅度類可以直接替換

increased slightly
increased significantly
increased considerably
increased substantially

它們主要差在程度。

速度類不能取代幅度類

increased rapidly

只告訴考官「增加得快」,沒有說最後增加很多還是很少。

例如,一天內從100升到105:

  • 變化很快:rapidly

  • 總幅度很小:slightly

因此可以寫:

The figure increased rapidly but only slightly.

不過 Task 1 通常不必寫得這麼複雜。


十一、最安全的兩套句型

動詞+副詞

Subject + increase/decrease + adverb + from A to B.

The figure increased considerably from 20 to 70.

The figure decreased considerably from 70 to 20.

There was+形容詞+名詞

There was + a/an + adjective + increase/decrease + in...

There was a considerable increase in the figure.

There was a considerable decrease in the figure.


十二、Band 6–6.5 最值得掌握的12個

你不需要把全部23個都硬背。先熟練這12個:

幅度

  • slightly

  • marginally

  • significantly

  • considerably

  • substantially

  • dramatically

速度與過程

  • gradually

  • steadily

  • rapidly

  • sharply

  • suddenly

  • consistently

Bar chart 比較

把前面的幅度副詞放在:

slightly higher/lower
significantly higher/lower
considerably higher/lower
substantially higher/lower


最終系統圖

沒有方向性的修飾詞
│
├── 變化幅度
│   ├── 小:marginally, slightly, modestly
│   ├── 中:moderately, noticeably
│   └── 大:significantly, considerably,
│          substantially, markedly, dramatically
│
├── 變化速度
│   ├── 慢:gradually, slowly
│   └── 快:rapidly, quickly, suddenly, abruptly
│
├── 變化過程
│   ├── 穩定:steadily, consistently
│   ├── 持續:continuously
│   └── 不規則:erratically
│
├── 線條坡度
│   └── sharply, steeply
│
├── 類別差距
│   ├── slightly higher/lower
│   ├── considerably higher/lower
│   └── broadly similar / markedly different
│
└── 數值近似
    └── approximately, roughly, nearly,
        just over, just under, exactly

最重要的觀念就是:

方向由 increase、decrease、higher、lower 決定;修飾詞只負責說明程度、速度或變化方式。

所以:

significantly 本身沒有上升意思,也沒有下降意思。
increased significantly 才是大幅上升;
decreased significantly 才是大幅下降。

你抓得對,我漏掉了 fluctuated。它不是上升或下降,而是第三種「變化方向」:

上升 increase / rise
下降 decrease / fall
波動 fluctuate

不過,fluctuated 本身是動詞,不是形容詞或副詞。它應該獨立放在「變化型態」這一類。

Fluctuate 詞族

詞性單字中文
動詞fluctuate波動、上下變化
過去式fluctuated曾上下波動
名詞fluctuation波動
複數名詞fluctuations多次波動
形容詞fluctuating不斷波動的

動詞句型

The figure fluctuated throughout the period.
該數字在整段期間內上下波動。

名詞句型

There were some fluctuations in the figure.
該數字出現了一些波動。


Fluctuated 可以搭配哪些無方向副詞?

1. 描述波動幅度

搭配中文圖形感覺
fluctuated slightly小幅波動50–55之間
fluctuated moderately中等幅度波動40–60之間
fluctuated significantly明顯波動30–75之間
fluctuated considerably大幅波動20–80之間
fluctuated substantially大幅波動正式用法
fluctuated dramatically劇烈波動高低差極大
fluctuated widely在很大範圍波動很自然、常用

例句

The price fluctuated slightly between $45 and $50.

The number of visitors fluctuated considerably throughout the period.

Oil prices fluctuated widely between $30 and $90 per barrel.


2. 描述波動規律

搭配中文
fluctuated erratically不規則地波動
fluctuated irregularly無規律地波動
fluctuated frequently頻繁波動
fluctuated constantly持續波動
fluctuated periodically週期性波動

例句:

The figure fluctuated erratically, with no clear overall trend.

Sales fluctuated periodically throughout the year.

erraticallyirregularly 意思接近,但 Task 1 中:

fluctuated erratically

是比較成熟、自然的搭配。


Fluctuate 最重要的固定句型

句型一:在A與B之間波動

Subject + fluctuated between A and B.

The figure fluctuated between 40 and 60.

注意:

✅ between 40 and 60
❌ between 40 to 60


句型二:在某個數值周圍波動

Subject + fluctuated around + number.

The figure fluctuated around 50%.

意思是可能在48%、51%、54%附近上下移動。


句型三:在某個範圍內波動

Subject + fluctuated within a narrow/wide range.

The figure fluctuated within a narrow range.

Prices fluctuated within a relatively wide range.

這是很好的 Band 7–8 chunk。


句型四:先波動,後穩定

After fluctuating for several years, the figure stabilised at around 60.

The figure fluctuated considerably before levelling off at 60.


Fluctuate 搭配形容詞+名詞

動詞+副詞形容詞+名詞
fluctuated slightlyslight fluctuations
fluctuated considerablyconsiderable fluctuations
fluctuated dramaticallydramatic fluctuations
fluctuated erraticallyerratic fluctuations
fluctuated widelywide fluctuations
fluctuated frequentlyfrequent fluctuations

例如:

The figure fluctuated considerably.

等於:

The figure experienced considerable fluctuations.

也可以寫:

There were considerable fluctuations in the figure.


Fluctuated 和 rose/fell 的根本差異

rose steadily
20 → 30 → 40 → 50 → 60
整體向上

fell steadily
60 → 50 → 40 → 30 → 20
整體向下

fluctuated
40 → 60 → 45 → 70 → 50
上下移動

但一條線可以「波動中整體上升」:

Despite some fluctuations, the figure showed an overall upward trend.

或:

The figure fluctuated but increased overall.

也可以「波動中整體下降」:

Although the figure fluctuated, it declined overall.


Bar chart 能不能用 fluctuated?

要看有沒有時間軸。

有多個年份:可以

Sales fluctuated between 2010 and 2020.

因為數值隨時間上下變動。

只有不同類別:通常不可以

例如比較五個國家的消費:

❌ Spending fluctuated among the five countries.

這不是時間上的波動,只是國家之間數值不同。應寫:

Spending varied considerably among the five countries.

因此:

  • fluctuated:同一項數據隨時間上下變動

  • varied:不同類別之間存在差異

修正後的完整分類

圖表數值描述
│
├── 一、變化方向
│   │
│   ├── 單一方向
│   │   ├── 上升:increase, rise, grow
│   │   └── 下降:decrease, fall, decline
│   │
│   ├── 雙向變化
│   │   └── 波動:fluctuate
│   │       ├── 小幅波動:fluctuated slightly
│   │       ├── 大幅波動:fluctuated considerably
│   │       ├── 廣泛波動:fluctuated widely
│   │       └── 不規則波動:fluctuated erratically
│   │
│   └── 沒有變化
│       ├── remained stable
│       ├── remained unchanged
│       └── stayed constant
│
├── 二、變化的程度
│   ├── 極小:marginally
│   ├── 小幅:slightly
│   ├── 中等:moderately
│   ├── 明顯:significantly
│   ├── 大幅:considerably / substantially
│   └── 劇烈:dramatically
│
├── 三、變化的速度
│   ├── 緩慢:slowly / gradually
│   ├── 快速:quickly / rapidly
│   └── 突然:suddenly / sharply
│
├── 四、變化的過程/穩定性
│   ├── 穩定持續:steadily
│   ├── 前後一致:consistently
│   ├── 持續不中斷:continuously
│   └── 不規則:erratically
│
└── 五、類別差異
    ├── varied considerably
    ├── was significantly higher/lower
    ├── was slightly higher/lower
    └── was broadly similar

所以完整來說,Task 1 不只是「上升和下降」,而是四大類:

上升、下降、波動、穩定

fluctuated 正是「波動」這一整類的核心動詞。 

Writing Task 1 Pactice

  David,這篇 有寫滿 150 字,七個項目也都有提到 ,資料大致正確。問題不是你看不懂圖,而是英文句型和搭配詞一直扣分。 預估分數:Band 5.0 評分項目 預估 原因 Task Achievement 5.5 有 Overview、有比較,也涵蓋全部資料,但主要特徵表...